Orthopedic Surgery

Orthopedic Surgery is a specialized field of medicine focused on the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of conditions related to the musculoskeletal system. This system includes bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves, all of which are vital for movement and daily functioning. Orthopedic surgeons are medical professionals trained to treat a wide variety of musculoskeletal issues, ranging from fractures and sports injuries to chronic conditions and congenital deformities.

Common Conditions Treated by Orthopedic Surgeons

Orthopedic surgeons treat a wide range of conditions, including:

1. Fractures and Broken Bones:Surgical intervention may be necessary for bones that are displaced or unable to heal on their own.
2. Arthritis : Particularly osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, which cause joint pain, swelling, and limited mobility.
3. Sports Injuries:Injuries such as torn ligaments (e.g., ACL), dislocated joints, and tendon ruptures, often treated through minimally invasive surgery or reconstructive surgery.
4. Spinal Disorders:Conditions like herniated discs, scoliosis, and spinal stenosis that may require surgery to relieve pain and restore function.
5. Congenital Deformities:Conditions present at birth, such as clubfoot, hip dysplasia, and scoliosis, which may require surgical correction.

Types of Orthopedic Surgery

• Arthroscopy: A minimally invasive surgical procedure where a small camera (arthroscope) is inserted into the joint to diagnose and treat conditions, such as torn ligaments, cartilage, and damaged joints.
• Joint Replacement Surgery : Commonly performed for patients with severe arthritis, where a damaged joint, such as the hip or knee, is replaced with an artificial one.
• Spinal Surgery : Includes procedures like spinal fusion or discectomy, where parts of the spine are removed or fused to alleviate pressure on the nerves.
• Fracture Repair: Surgical procedures to realign fractured bones and stabilize them using plates, screws, or rods to aid in proper healing.
• Osteotomy: A surgical procedure where a bone is cut and realigned, often used to correct joint deformities or improve joint function.